Also called massive iliofemoral venous thrombosis, the entire extremity becomes massively swollen, tense, painful, and cool to the touch. With obstruction of the deep veins comes edema and swelling of the extremity because the outflow of venous blood is inhibited Repetitive motions may cause irritation to the vessel wall, causing inflammation and subsequent thrombosis.Ī major problem associated with recognizing DVT is that the signs and symptoms are nonspecific. Normal pregnancy is accompanied by an increase in clotting factors that may not return to baseline until longer than 8 weeks postpartum, increasing the risk of thrombosis. Oral contraceptives use also lead to hypercoagulability. Increased blood coagulability occurs most commonly in patients for whom anticoagulant medications have been abruptly withdrawn. Direct trauma to the vessels, as with fracture or dislocation, diseases of the veins, and chemical irritation of the veins from IV medications and solutions, can damage the veins. The exact cause of deep vein thrombosis remains unknown, but there are factors that may aggravate it further.
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